Garrastazu is a Basque surname of toponymic origin, derived from the Basque word arratz ("bush") combined with the locative suffix -sta, meaning "place of bushes." The name thus refers to a person associated with a bushy or shrubby location, a common pattern in Basque naming conventions that reflect the region's rugged landscape. Notable Bearers The most prominent bearer of the surname is Emílio Garrastazu Médici (1905–1985), the 28th president of Brazil and a key figure in the country's military dictatorship. Born to a family of Basque descent, Médici ruled from 1969 to 1974 during the height of the Brazilian military regime. His tenure is remembered both for the "Brazilian Economic Miracle," a period of rapid GDP growth averaging 11.16% per year, and for severe political repression, censorship, and human rights abuses. The surname Garrastazu, though rare in Brazil, gained recognition through his historical role. Origin and Distribution The surname is predominantly found in the Basque Country of Spain and France, with a minor presence in Portuguese-speaking countries as a result of emigration. Its structure is characteristic of Basque onomastics, which often incorporate nature-based elements and suffixes indicating locations. The related name Costa (meaning "coast" or "slope") follows a similar pattern, though it is of broader Romance origin. Meaning: Place of bushes (Basque arratz + locative -sta) Origin: Basque Type: Toponymic habitation surname Usage regions: Basque Country (Spain, France) and Brazil